• 1793 - Slaves in French colony of St Domingue (Haiti) freed • 1831 - Michael Faraday demonstrates 1st electric transformer • 1842 - Great Britain & China sign Treaty of Nanking, ends Opium war • 1862 - 2nd Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) begins • 1916 - US Congress accept Jones Act: Philippines independence • 1939 - Chaim Weizmann informs England that Palestine Jews will fight in WW II • 1941 - German Einsatzkommando in Russia kills 1,469 Jewish children • 1943 - Denmark scuttles their warships so as not to be taken by Germany • 1944 - 15,000 American troops liberating Paris march down Champs Elysees • 1945 - British liberate Hong Kong from Japan • 1957 - Strom Thurmond (Sen-D-SC) ends 24 hr filibuster against civil rights • 1966 - Beatles last public concert (Candlestick Park, SF) • 1986 - Morocco king Hassan II signs unity treaty with Libya • 1988 - USSR launches 3 cosmonauts (Valery Polyakav, 1 Afghan) to station Mir Ends