Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It is described as the extinction of motivation or incentive, especially where one’s devotion to a cause or relationship fails to produce the desired results.
The burnout rate was previously estimated at 38 per cent, with healthcare workers particularly impacted. However, following the Covid-19 pandemic, stress has escalated across all sectors, leading to a higher prevalence of burnout among a larger population.
A person can be identified as experiencing burnout if they exhibit any of the following stress-related symptoms; dry mouth, palpitations, insomnia, sleep disturbances, fatigue, loss of appetite, etc.
They begin to lose interest in their work and over time, their health is also impacted. The institution’s productivity suffers when one or more employees experience burnout. Burnout commonly occurs in individuals who have been at the job for 10+ years, but can also affect younger individuals in a shorter timeframe. Those in demanding, high-stress professions such as doctors and nurses are particularly susceptible to burnout.
There are many reasons for the burnout of an employee; these may be work-related like extra workload, not getting enough incentives, not getting due recognition, no space for flexibility or creativity, etc. The same kind of work done regularly tends to create boredom which may gradually manifest as fatigue, but one may develop other symptoms of burnout.
Causes may be related to an individual, like not being interested in that work, being lazy, ego, family problems, etc. The mental makeup of a person and physical health are also responsible for stress at work. A mentally strong person can face challenges and overcome problems calmly. A physically strong person can always work hard. Reactions of a ‘weak’ person in such a situation would be contrary. Lifestyle factors like alcoholism, etc. aggravate the problem.
Work is necessary for survival. Hence, it is better to avoid getting burnout at work. One should have realistic expectations of their capabilities and the work they have to do to avoid disappointment and frustration.
Total relaxation and recreation are essential for individuals to maintain good spirits and perform well at work. Many institutions offer yoga and meditation sessions for their employees to promote this. If experiencing burnout, individuals should consider speaking to their boss or colleagues for support. If this is not possible, staying calm, positive, and considering a change of job may be beneficial.
Recreational facilities such as swimming, games, etc., to enjoy during breaks at work or after work are highly beneficial. Engaging in creative leisure activities like reading, gardening, crafting, etc., proves to be very useful in this context. Recreation isn’t solely about entertainment. Different tasks also help stave off boredom and rejuvenate the mind. One can explore and assist with tasks in the office that may not be part of their regular work routine.
It is equally important to strictly keep work at the workplace and separate it from home, and vice versa. One should avoid carrying "work” home or "home” to work, as it generates stress. Seems difficult, but can be achieved with practice.
Good teamwork enhances the enjoyment of work. The team leader, or boss, plays a crucial role in this aspect. They can uplift morale by motivating colleagues, acknowledging good work, and providing incentives when possible. Offering flexible work schedules helps employees stay relaxed and stress-free. Valuing and implementing creative ideas from staff members also boosts morale. A lower burnout rate among employees leads to increased productivity within the organisation, benefiting all involved.
Dr Rachna Pande is a specialist in internal medicine.