Computers have revolutionised knowledge and communication in the modern world. They have become a basic tool for completing multiple tasks and providing entertainment. However, prolonged use can lead to health issues.

Using computers for long hours can strain the eyes, leading to visual problems and often resulting in frequent headaches and eye infections.

In children as they grow, computer use can be a major factor in causing myopia, which makes it difficult for them to see distant objects clearly. This occurs because they use their long-distance vision less often, unlike children who play outdoors. Taking some precautions can help prevent eye damage caused by computer use.

The room’s lighting should fall on the screen in front of the user, not behind it. After working on the computer for an hour or two, cover your eyes with your hands for a few moments to give them rest. If possible, take a break and try to focus on a distant object.

Consuming fresh green vegetables and fruits, as well as whole grains, helps maintain healthy eye muscles. Washing the eyes by splashing them with cold water 2 or 3 times a day is a beneficial practice for keeping them healthy and relaxed.

Extended computer use can lead to strain and wear on the back. Sitting for long periods can cause the back muscles to sag due to gravity, leading to strain and wear. Additionally, typing on a keyboard can put stress on the upper back. When this becomes a daily routine, the body doesn't have time to repair the damage, resulting in chronic back pain.

To prevent this, use straight-back chairs for sitting and hard beds for sleeping. Avoid bending the back. After working on computers for a few hours, a person can stand on their toes, stretch their body slowly, and lift their arms up with their hands interlocked. This simple exercise will relax and rejuvenate the back muscles.

While typing, fingers constantly move on the keyboard, resulting in painful cramps and abnormal sensations in the fingers and hands. This happens due to the strain put on the joints and muscles of the fingers. If this continues, some individuals may deteriorate and develop partial or total loss of sensation. This can be prevented by resting the hands after an hour or so and doing light exercises for the hands and fingers. If someone has already developed these problems, it is advised to splint the affected hand with a crepe bandage until the pain subsides.

Laptop use has been associated with male infertility. Placing a laptop on the lap for extended periods raises the temperature over the groin, leading to decreased sperm production. Therefore, this practice should be avoided.

Computers can also be harmful to the mind. A computer-savvy individual tends to rely less on natural brain memory. Over time, this can lead to a decline in cognitive sharpness due to underuse. The risk is higher for children and adolescents. This can be mitigated by encouraging young people to read physical books and write regularly, or engage in mathematics without digital assistance.

Children should be encouraged to play physical games and indulge in other creative hobbies instead of being on the computer all day for entertainment. That will ensure their overall personality development. Computers are vital, but they should be used in a way that health is not compromised.

Dr Rachna Pande is a specialist in internal medicine.